What happen when phenol is treated with chloroform in presence of base. Prepare DDT , Benzene from chlorobenzene ,2 chloroacetophenone. Why phenol is more acidic than alcohol ? Give reason with structure.

Question:

1. What happen when phenol is treated with chloroform in presence  of base.
2. Prepare DDT , Benzene from chlorobenzene ,2 chloroacetophenone.
3. Why phenol is more  acidic than alcohol ? Give reason with structure.

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Solution:

1. Phenol in presence of base (sodium hydroxide) reacts with chloroform to form salicyladehyde. The reaction is known as Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
Reaction
2. DDT From Chlorobenzene:
   DDT is prepared y heating chloral and cholorobenzene in 1:2 ratio in presence of Conc. H₂SO₄. Reaction:
   Benzene from Chloro Benzene:
   On reduction of chlorobenze with Nickel metal and Al/NaOH, benzene is formed. Reaction:
   2-chlaroacetophenone Reaction:
   
3. Phenol is more acidic than alcohol due to the presence of an electron withdrawing group (-OH) attached directly to the aromatic ring. This group stabilizes the conjugate base formed after losing a proton, making it easier to donate a proton.