Aldehyde and Ketones | NEB Grade 12 Notes | Organic Chemistry | Nepali Educate

Class 12 Chemistry Aldehydes and Ketones Notes

Syllabus:

1. Aliphatic aldehydes and ketones
   1. Introduction, nomenclature, and isomerism
   2. Preparation of aldehydes and ketones from: Dehydrogenation and oxidation of alcohol, Ozonolysis of alkenes, Acid chloride, Gem dihaloalkane, Catalytic hydration of alkynes
   3. Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones
   4. Chemical properties
      1. Structure and nature of carbonyl group
      2. Distinction between aldehyde and ketones by using 2,4- DNP reagent, Tollen's reagent, Fehling's solution
      3. Addition reaction: addition of H2, HCN, and NaHSO3
      4. Action of aldehyde and ketone with ammonia derivatives; NH2OH, NH2-NH2, phenyl hydrazine, semicarbazide,
      5. Aldol condensation
      6. Cannizzaro's reaction
      7. Clemmensen's reduction
      8. Wolf-Kishner reduction
      9. Action with PCl5 and action with LiAlH4
      10. Action of methanal with ammonia and phenol
   5. Formalin and its uses
2. Aromatic aldehydes and Ketones
   1. Preparation of benzaldehyde from toluene and acetophenone from benzene
   2. Properties of benzaldehyde
      1. Perkin condensation
      2. Benzoin condensation
      3. Cannizzaro's reaction
      4. Electrophilic substitution reaction

Study Notes:

Checkout complete handwritten notes of this unit which covers all the topics of syllabus with important terms highlighted.

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Aldehydes_and_Ketones.pdf Class 12 Chemistry Notes .pdf This Note is written by one of our team members during his +2 Journey for examination point of view.