Group A: Multiple Choice questions (9 x 1=9)
Tick the correct answer.
1. Which of the statements are used in DDL?
A) Create, alter and drop
B)
Create, insert and select
C)
Insert, update and delete
D)
Delete, alter and drop
2. With SQL, how do you select all the records from a table named
“Person” where the value of the column "FirstName" ends with an
"a"?
A) SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = ‘a’
B) SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName LIKE ‘a%’
C) SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName LIKE ‘%a’
D)
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName='%a%'
3. Which of the following statement, is true about a star network
topology?
A) Each device is connected to a switch or hub
B)
Each device is connected to each other
C)
Each device is connected in a trunk
D) Each
device connected to a terminal
4. Which of the following is the correct syntax to display
"Stay Safe" in an alert box using JavaScript.
A)
alert-box("Stay Safe");
B)
confirm("Stay Safe");
C)
msgbox("Stay safe"); '''
D) alert("Stay Safe");
5.What is the use of <A> tag?
A) To
insert an image
B) To
create a link
C) To create a hyperlink
D) To
create a list
6. What is the output of given C program?
void main(){
char str1[] = "FIRST"; char
str2[20]; strcpy(str2,str1);
printf("%s %s ",str1,str2);
printf("%d", (str1!=str2));
printf("%d", strcmp(str1,str2)); }
A)
FIRST FIRST 0 0
B)
FIRST FIRST 1 1
C) FIRST FIRST 1 0
D)
FIRST FIRST 0 1
7. Where is a class derived in inheritance?
A)
Superclass
B) Subclass
C)
Subset class
D)
Relative Class
8. Which of these is the correct order of the SDLC?
A) Analysis, Design, Coding, Testing, Implementation
B)
Analysis, Design, Testing, Implementation, Coding
C)
Implementation, Coding, Analysis, Design, Testing
D)
Design, Testing, Implementation, Coding, Analysis
9. Why is cloud computing popular nowadays?
A) Cost-sharing and easily accessible
B) As
modem technology and costly
C)
Accessible and freely available
D)
Affordable to all
Group B Short Question (5*5=25)
1. Explain
2NF and 3NF?
Ans:
The essence of normalization is to
split your data into several tales that will be connected to each other based
on the data within them.
i. Second
normal form (2NF):
The table is in second normal form if every non-key column depends on the entire key. For these split the table. Pull out the columns that depend on parts of key. Remember to include that part of key in new table. The new table must have key or id that must be on both tables. Each attribute in the table must depend on whole key. For The Construction of 2NF we need to build 1 NF table. If we consider a 1NF table like this:
|
Name |
Class |
Roll no. |
Section |
Subjects |
Marks |
|
Ram |
12 |
2 |
A |
Maths |
90 |
|
Shyam |
11 |
1 |
B |
English |
90 |
|
Hari |
12 |
1 |
A |
Computer |
90 |
|
Ram |
12 |
2 |
A |
English |
78 |
Fig. 1NF Table
Table 1: Students | Table 2: Subjects | Table 3: Marks of Students | ||||||
Name | Roll No. | Class | Section | Subjects | Class | Name | Subjects | Marks |
Ram | 2 | 12 | A | English | 11 | Ram | Maths | 90 |
Shyam | 1 | 11 | B | English | 12 | Shyam | English | 90 |
Hari | 1 | 12 | A | Computer | 12 | Hari | Computer | 90 |
| | | | Maths | 12 | Ram | English | 78 |
Fig. 2NF Table (cell with different color
shows different table)
In
the above whole table is split into the three tables marks, subject and
student. The interrelated data are place together in the table. Name depends on
roll+class+sec, subject name dependent on class not on roll. Name, subject and
marks are interrelated.
ii. Third
normal form (3NF)
The logical, analysis and elements of designing for third normal form are similar to those used in deriving 2NF.In particular, you still concentrate on the issue of dependence. To be in 3NF a table must be in 2NF, and every non-key column must depend on nothing but the key.
|
Table1: Class |
Table 2:
Subjects |
Table 3:
Students |
Table 4:
Marks |
||||||||
|
Classid |
Classname |
Subjected |
Subject |
Stid |
Name |
Roll No. |
Class |
Section |
stid |
subjectid |
marks |
|
1 |
11 |
1 |
English |
1 |
Ram |
2 |
12 |
A |
1 |
1 |
78 |
|
2 |
12 |
2 |
Computer |
2 |
Shyam |
1 |
11 |
B |
1 |
3 |
90 |
|
|
|
3 |
Maths |
3 |
Hari |
1 |
12 |
A |
2 |
1 |
90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
2 |
90 |
Fig. 3NF Table (cell with different
color shows different table)
In
the given table all the attributes are depends on the key thus in the table
class subject and student all the attributes depend on primary key but in table
marks the data are dependent on stdid and subid. So, these four tables are the
normalized data of the given non-normalized tables.
OR
Demonstrate basic DML statement
with an example.
Data Manipulation Language (DML):
A
data manipulation language (DML) is a family of computer languages including
commands permitting users to manipulate data in a database. This manipulation
involves inserting data into database tables, retrieving existing data,
deleting data from existing tables and modifying existing data. DML is mostly
incorporated in SQL databases. DML resembles simple English language and
enhances efficient user interaction with the system. The functional capability
of DML is organized in manipulation commands like SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT INTO
and DELETE FROM, as described below:
SELECT:
This command is used to retrieve rows from a table.
UPDATE:
This command modifies data of one or more records.
INSERT:
This command adds one or more records to a database table.
DELETE:
This command removes one or more records from a table according to specified
condition.
Example:
INSERT
into student
VALUES
(22, “Ram”);
2. Write
a function to add any two numbers in JavaScript.
Ans:
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function add(){
var a,b,c;
a=Number(document.getElementById("first").value);
b=Number(document.getElementById("second").value);
c= a + b;
document.getElementById("answer").value=
c;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Enter the First number : <input id="first">
Enter the Second number: <input id="second">
<button onclick="add()">Add</button>
<input id="answer">
</body>
</html>
OR
Demonstrate the external CSS implemented in Web Page.
Ans:
The
external style sheet is generally used when you want to make changes on
multiple pages. It is ideal for this condition because it facilitates you to
change the look of the entire web site by changing just one file.
The
link to an external style sheet is placed within the head section of the page.
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="mystyle.css">
</head>
The
actual style sheet file will contain CSS rules that are then applied across the
entire page. For example:
body {
background-color: ghostwhite;
}
h1 {
color: blue; font-size: 20px; font-family:
verdana; font-style:italic;
}
In
this case, the background color of the webpage will be ghostwhite and any h1
headings will appear in verdana font, as size twenty blue text in italic style.
3. Describe
any five features of OOP.
Ans:
Object oriented programming is a
programming paradigm that was developed to overcome the drawbacks and
limitations of particularly procedure-oriented programming. The major need for
developing such languages was to manage the ever-increasing size and complexity
of programs.
Features of OOP are:
Object: An object is any
entity, thing or organization that exits in real world. It consists of two
fundamentals characteristics: its attributes and behaviors. For example: a dog
is an object having attributes such as color, weight, age, etc. and behaviors
such as barking, wagging tail, etc. In OOP, attributes are represented by data
and behaviors are represented by functions.
Class: A class is the
collection of similar objects. It is defined as the template or prototype to
define the common attributes and behavior for all the objects of the class. The
entire set of data and code of an object can be made a user-defined data type
with the help of a class. In fact, objects are variables of type class. Once, a
class has been defined, we can create any member of objects associated with
that class.
Inheritance: The process of
creating a new class form an existing class in which objects of the new class
inherit the attributes and behaviors of the existing class is known as
inheritance. The newly created class is called derived class or child class and
the class from which new class is derived is called base class or parent class.
It permits the expansion and reuse of existing code without rewriting it hence,
the concept of inheritance supports the concept of reusability.
Types of Inheritance:
1. Single
Inheritance: The process of creating a new class from an existing
class is called single inheritance i.e., there is only one base class and only
one derived class in single inheritance.
2. Multiple
Inheritances: The process of creating only one new class from
several existing classes is called multiple inheritance i.e., there is only one
derived class and two or more base classes in multiple inheritance.
3. Hierarchical
Inheritance: The process of creating several classes from only one
class is called hierarchical inheritance that is there are two or more derived
classes and only one base class in hierarchical inheritance.
4. Multilevel
Inheritance: The process of creating a new class from another
derived class is called multi-level inheritance.
Polymorphism: The meaning of
polymorphism is having many forms. It is an important feature of OOP which
refers to the ability of an object to take on different forms depending upon
situations. It simplifies coding and reduces the rework involved in modifying
and developing an application.
Data abstraction: In 00P, data
abstraction defines the conceptual boundaries of an object. These boundaries
distinguish an object from another object. So, abstraction is the act of
representing essential features without including the background details. It
focuses the outside view of an object, separating its essential behavior from
its implementation.
Encapsulation: Encapsulation is a
way if organizing data and function into a structure (Called Class) by
concealing (hiding) the way the object is implemented, that is preventing
acce1ss to data by any means other than those specified. Encapsulation
therefore guarantees the integrity of the data contained in the object. It
implies that there is visibility to the functionalities offered by an object,
and no visibility to its data.
4. What
are the different stages of software planning?
Ans:
Software development life cycle involves the following steps:
In
general, an SDLC methodology follows these following steps:
1.
Analysis: In this stage, existing system is evaluated and Deficiencies
are identified which is done by interviewing users of the system and consulting
with support personnel.
2.
Plan and requirements: In this stage, the new
system requirements are defined and the deficiencies in the existing system
must be addressed with specific proposals for improvement. Other
factors defined include needed features, functions and capabilities.
3.
Design: In this phase the proposed system is designed. Plans are
executed out concerning the physical construction, hardware, operating systems,
programming, communications and security issues.
4.
Development: The new system is developed. The new components and programs
must be obtained and installed. Users of the system must be trained in its use.
5.
Testing: All aspects of performance must be tested. If necessary,
adjustments must be made at this stage. Tests performed by quality assurance
(QA) teams may include systems integration and system testing.
6.
Deployment: The system is incorporated in a production environment. This
can be done in various ways. The new system can be phased in, according to
application or location, and the old system gradually replaced. In some cases,
it may be more cost-effective to shut down the old system and implement the new
system all at once.
7.
Review and maintenance: This step involves changing
and updating the system once it is in place. Hardware or software may need to
be upgraded, replaced or changed in some way to better fit the needs of the
end-users continuously. Users of the system should be kept up-to-date
concerning the latest modifications and procedures.
5. Define
the concept of AI and IoT?
Ans:
AI: AI stands for artificial intelligence. It is the branch of science
that is concerned with making computer behave like humans. The term AI was
first coined by John McCarthy. Artificial Intelligence is one of the emerging
technologies which tries to simulate human reasoning in AI systems. AI is the
area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on
behaviors that humans considered intelligent. John McCarthy invented the term
Artificial Intelligence in the year 1950. Application areas of AI are Expert
system, Banking, Gaming, Autonomous vehicles, Space exploration, Health Care
etc.
IoT: IoT stands for Internet of
Things. It is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique
identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring
human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. A thing in the internet of
thing can be a person with heart monitor implant, a farm animal with biochips
transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensor to alert the driver when
tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be
assigned an internet Protocols address and is able to transfer data over a
network.
Group C Long Question
(2*8=16)
6. How
do you implement the class C IP address in local area network? Describe.
Ans:
The IP address range from 192-223 in
the first byte and are designed to be used in small-sized companies. Class C
addresses are used in small local area networks (LANs). Class C allows for
approximately 2 million networks by using the first three octets for the
network ID. In a class C IP address, the first three bits of the first octet
are always 1 1 0. And the remaining 21 bits of first three octets complete the
network ID. The last octet (8 bits) represents the host ID and allows for 254
hosts per network. Class C network number values begins at 192 and end at 223.
In a network IP address is used to identify a particular computer in a network.
Every computer connected to a network contains a unique IP address. Here, the
IP address is assigned manually by following these steps,
Step-1: Open Network Connections. Open run windows by pressing windows+r keys,
type ncpa.cpl and click OK button.
Step 2: Select the network in which you want to assign an IP address. Right
click on the selected network, select properties. A network properties window
will open.
Step 3: Double click on the TCP/IPv4, an internet protocol version 4 then
properties window will open.
Step 4: Select the radio button. Use the IP address such as 192.168.1.5 or any
other, Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0 or any other and click on OK button.
If the IP address matches with any computer in the network, an error message
stating the IP conflict will be displayed otherwise the assigned IP will be
set.
7. Write
a program to input any ten integers in array, sort and display them in
ascending order.
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
void abc(int a[],int n);
int main()
{
int a[10],n=10,i;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("Enter Numbers in array:");
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
abc(a,n);
}
void abc(int a[],int n)
{
int i,j,b;
for (i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if (a[i]>a[j])
{
b=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=b;
}
}
}
printf("\n Numbers in Ascending order are: ");
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%5d",a[i]);
}
OR
Write a program to read the marks of any five students in a subject and count how many students are pass or fail.
Ans:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[5],b=0,i,j;
for (i=1;i<6;i++)
{
printf("Enter Marks of %d students: \t",i);
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for (i=1;i<6;i++)
{
if (a[i]<40)
{
b=b+1;
}
}
printf("%d student are failed.",b);
}